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| (R) EFS STARLIGHT-KIT Application Specific Discretes 2-CHIPS SET FOR FLUORESCENT LAMP STARTER A.S.D.TM FEATURES n n n n n n n VERY WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGE: tube ignition from - 30 to + 85 C SINGLE SHOT IGNITION FROM -30 to 0C : 350mA, 1350V striking pulse VERY WIDE POWER RANGE: Fluorescent tube lamp ignition from 18 to 70W EFS2B driver compatible with 50/60Hz operation SELECTABLE PREHEAT TIME: EFS2A driver: 1.5s or 2.56s (50Hz) EFS2B driver: 0.74s or 1.24s (50Hz) EFS2B driver: 0.62s or 1.03s (60Hz) 8 STRIKING PULSES CAPABILITY: for very cold environment or ageing lamp STARTER SHUTDOWN WITH FAILED LAMP S014 EFS2A-CD EFS2B-CD BENEFITS n n n n Very low component count: 2 chips + 7 passive components Meet EN55015 standards WITHOUT EMI capacitor Extended life time of the fluorescent lamp due to smooth and single shot ignition High inherent reliability and extended life time of the starter PENTAWATT HV EFS21-TL5 DESCRIPTION The EFS Kit is a 2 chips set used with 7 additional passive components, for Glow switch Starter. The ASDTM (Application Specific Discretes) includes a bi-directional Power Switch and a Power Supply for the driver. The driver provides a program to ensure a fully optimised linear fluorescent lamp ignition. TM : ASD is trademark of STMicroelectronics. May 2000 - Ed: 5A 1/14 EFS PIN CONNECTION (top view) SO14 Pentawatt HV State tube detection Preheat select to be grounded Shunt to be grounded to be grounded to be grounded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 G1 G2 VCC GND to be grounded DO NOT CONNECT to be grounded G1 Vcc 1 2 Tube GND G2 3 4 5 DRIVER: EFS2A-CD and : EFS2B-CD ASDTM: EFS21-TL5 EFS STARLIGHT-KIT PARTS SELECTION: The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT answers effectively to linear fluorescent lamp ignition needs: MAINS FREQUENCY 50Hz DRIVER VERSION Pin 2 connection PREHEAT DURATION ASDTM LAMP POWER RANGE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE RANGE EFS2A GND 1.5s VCC 2.56s GND 0.74s EFS2B VCC 1.24s GND 0.62s VCC 1.03s 60Hz EFS21 18 to 70W (note 2) -30 to 85C (note1, note 2) Note 1: below -20C, it is recommended to limit the lamp power range to 58W. Note 2: the ignition temperature range is given with starting aid, as required in the IEC 81 and IEC 926 (6.3.1) standards. BASIC APPLICATION DIAGRAM BALLAST 150K DRIVER MAINS FLUORESCENT LAMP 18W TO 70W DO NOT CONNECT 9 14 4 13 ASDTM 1 5 2 4 3 U1 U2 12 R 7/8/10/11 2/3/5/6 1 22F - 16V 0.39 2/14 EFS RECOMMENDED LAMP POWER RANGE APPLICATION LAMP POWER (W) 70 W 58 W 36 W 18 W WORKING AREA -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Tamb (C) (see note 2) Note 2: the ignition temperature range is given with starting aid, as required in the IEC 81 and IEC 926 (6.3.1) standards. ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values) Symbol Top Tstg Parameter Operating Junction temperature range Storage temperature range Value -30 to +125 -55 to +150 Unit C C DRIVER: EFS2 A & EFS2B Symbol Vcc Ptot ESD VSENSE Parameter Maximum supply voltage Power dissipation Electrostatic discharge between any pins Standard: MIL STD 883C Human Body Model Input operating range Value 14 500 1 10 Unit V mW kV V ASDTM: EFS21 Symbol IT(RMS) Tcase ITSM RMS on-state current IT(RMS) = 1A Parameter Tcase = 90C tON = 0.75s Value 1 + 120 15 Unit A C A tOFF = 0.16s Surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25C, tp = 10ms Minimum repetitive rate periode : 1min. Repetitive peak off-state voltage VDRM VRRM 600 V 3/14 EFS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tj = 25C, unless otherwise specified) DRIVER Symbol Vcc VUVLO VCCH VCCL ICC ISO tc Parameter Supply voltage in preheat mode Under voltage lock-out threshold Supply limitation high in standby mode Supply limitation low in standby mode Supply current in standby mode Ignition current level Rsense = 0.39 Checking delay after zero crossing lamp voltage EFS2A version EFS2B version VREF Internal reference voltage 2.9 2.5 1.12 5.9 7.5 1.26 ms ms V 6.8 6.77 440 280 7.7 7.57 450 350 Min. 7 Typ. Max. 12 5 8.7 8.41 475 420 Unit V V V V A mA LAMP OFF STATE DETECTION ASD Symbol VT + VT VBR VDCM VRCM IDRM IRRM IH Parameter Positive on-state voltage Negative on-state voltage IT = 1.5A IT = 1.5A tp = 500s tp = 500s tp = 10ms 1200 800 20 350 Min. Typ. 2.1 0.89 1350 Max. 3.15 1.2 1500 Unit V V V V A mA Breakdown positive voltage IDRM = 5mA Non repetitive peak off-state voltage Pin 1 = Pin 2 = Pin 4 = Pin 5 Repetitive rate : 3Hz Leakage current, at VDRM/VRRM rated Pin 1 = Pin 2 = Pin 4 = Pin 5 Holding current dI/dt = 9 A/ms Pin1 = Pin 2 = Pin4 = Pin5 ORDERING INFORMATION DRIVER EFS Electronic Fluorescent Switch ASD CD SO14 Package TM 2 Kit A/B Version Digit A: 50Hz B: 50/60Hz EFS Electronic Fluorescent Switch 2 Kit 1 Version Digit - TL5 TL5: Pentawatt HV Package with lead forming 4/14 EFS DEMONSTRATION BOARD DIAGRAM THERMAL FUSE R1 R2 R4 R3 D1 R6 1 5 2 3 ASD U1 4 DRIVER 4 4 14 13 U2 12 Vcc 2 OPEN one of the tracks GND 9 7/8/10/11 3/5/6 C1 R5 When the starter has to be protected against over-temperature, over-current or short circuit, it is recommended to implement a thermal fuse in series with the starter. To meet (IEC 926) standards, a capacitor (f.i. 5nF) can be connected between pin 3 and pin 4 of the ASD. BOARD ASSEMBLY PCB with Pentawatt HV and SO14 DRILL and CUT the track for SHORT preheat --> for LONG preheat --> Pin 2 is the preheat time select pin. To select a short preheat time, drill to cut the Vcc to pin 2 track at the metallic hole. To select a long preheat time, drill to cut the GND to pin 2 track. The layout must be configured for either choice to avoid supply short circuit. RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATION CONDITIONS Application Conditions AC mains Lamp Power Range Ambient Temperature Range ASD version Driver version R1, R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 C1 C2 Note 3: below -20C, it is recommended to limit the lamp power range to 58W. Note 4: R5(Rsense) should have a 8 A, 10 ms surge capability. Single 230V - 50Hz 18 to 70W Single 120V - 60Hz Twin series 230V / 50Hz or single 115V / 50Hz 18 to 36W -30 to + 85C (note 3) Recommended Components EFS21 EFS2A or EFS2B 30k - 0.125W - 5% 2.2k - 0.25W - 5% EFS2B 130k - 0.125W - 5% 3.3k - 0.25W - 5% 0.39 - 0.25W - 5% (note 4) 0.39k - 0.25W - 5% 22F - 16V - 20% BYD17K (800V) EFS2A or EFS2B 15k - 0.125W - 5% 5/14 EFS EFS STARLIGHT-KIT APPLICATION NOTE 1/ THE AC POWER SWITCH: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION he Starter is a bi-directional switch which performs two functions: the preheat of the tube, the ignition of the tube. n n BALLAST PREHEAT 1 FLUORESCENT TUBE 2 Preheating of the tube V strike 220V / 50HZ 3 Striking of the tube The mains voltage is applied During the preheat period, the ASDTM is fully conducting. The tube lamp is short circuited by the starter, and the current flows through its filaments. In these conditions, the lamp can not light up, but the temperature of the lamp electrodes increases. At the end of the preheat period, lamp filaments are warm enough to emit electrons in the gas and to permit the lamp ignition in good conditions. The ASDTM switches off the preheating current . At this moment, the ballast is equivalent to a current generator (I=ISO, ISO = Switched Off current). As the ASDTM switches off, the starter voltage increases. The amplitude of this high voltage spike is then clamped by the ASDTM (VBR1350 V). As the starter and the lamp are in parallel, the striking pulse is directly applied to the lamp. The electromagnetic energy of the ballast is then discharged through the lamp and the ASDTM. 2/ WHAT'S NEW IN THIS SWITCH? The AC SWITCH merges an auxiliary power supply for the driver, a power clamping device (1350V) and a bi-directional switch with his execution pilot block. Striking pulse NEW EFS ASD TUBE CLAMPING AC SWITCH HIGH VOLTAGE G1 G2 ON / OFF DRIVER Vcc Power supply GND 6/14 EFS Present solutions work with a unidirectional switch, like MOS transistors or GTO (Gate Turn Off thyristor). As a starter is a bi-directional switch, it is necessary to use a rectifier bridge (4 diodes of 1500V ). More, 2 or 3 diodes in series with the GTO are required to get the necessary switch off effect, and the whole is controlled with an analog timer built around a small SCR. The interest of a bi-directional switch arises itself: a drastic reduction of the number of components, and of course, a reduction of power losses (only 1 forward voltage instead of 5). Conventional discrete circuit (minimal version) 1500V GTO SCR 3/ LAMP IGNITION FEATURE: A lamp requires a minimum energy level to be ignited, but this energy depends especially on the lamp temperature. The lower the temperature is, the more energetic the lamp strike is. L.I SO 2 This energy stored in the ballast is directly proportional to the Switched Off current I SO (E = ). 2 In other words, the required energy and of course the ISO level, are maximum for the minimum temperature. Results based on experiments show that it is necessary to switch off a current of 350 mA to strike a 58W tube at -30C (with a voltage amplitude clamped at 1200V and starting aid). Therefore, the best way to strike a tube independently of the temperature is to keep the maximum ISO level for all the temperature range. Unfortunately, the solution is not so simple to implement because the energy level at ambient or warm temperature would be much important: the lamp would be ignited, but the lamp lifetime would be shortened. This is why one of the innovations of the ASDTM is to modulate the striking energy versus temperature (see feature hereafter). I.S.O. 350mA Switched off current versus ambient temperature 200mA A.S.D.TM FEATURE For freezing temperatures, the ISO level is maintained at 350 mA, and for positive temperatures, the ISO level decreases slowly. 7/14 EFS 4/ AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY: In order to reduce the number of components, an auxiliary power supply is integrated in the ASDTM. This active power supply works directly on the mains and requires only a low voltage capacitor 16V - 22F. The operating mode of this supply varies with the starter operating phase: POWER SUPPLY SCHEMATIC R2 R1 D1 ASD TUBE DRIVER 7.68 7.57 R6 G1 VCC C SUPPLY GND Supply operation during preheat phase: During preheat phase, the driver manages alone the supply function (neither the driver nor D1 and R6 are involved). A part of the current flowing through the ASDTM is used, at the beginning and at the end of each positive mains half cycle, to charge the output capacitor. Supply operation during standby phase: When the lamp is lit, the monitors its supply voltage (Vcc). At the beginning of each positive mains half cycle, when Vcc is lower than 7.57V, the driver closes the ASDTM supply switch. The capacitor is charged to provide the standby current of the driver. During this phase the tube lamp is short circuited by the ASDTM. When the supply voltage reaches 7.68V, the driver opens the ASDTM supply switch. Since this current is also flowing in the ballast, the supply turn off provides across the lamp an additional voltage spike. After running few minutes the lamp becomes warm and this spike voltage naturally decreases. SUPPLY DURING PREHEAT PHASE SUPPLY DURING STANDBY PHASE (Without E.M.I. Capacitor nor R6 nor D1) Starter current at the ignition 5min after ignition Starter voltage To reduce dramatically this repetitive voltage spikes across the lamp, the R6 resistor with the diode D1 provide a part of the supply current. Thus, the ripple voltage of the supply voltage is reduced, as well as the level of the switched off current. On the other hand, this increases the safety margin of the RF noise (versus the IEC 55015 limits) 8/14 EFS 5/ THE DRIVER: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION EFS2A DRIVER Internal block diagram (50Hz operation) State tube Shunt State tube detection (Striked / Off) 0 current synchro Clock 1/8 Pre-heat period counter 1,5s or 2.5s Preheat Select ISO synchro 350mA 8 attempts Strikes counter Current generator 30mA G2 UVLO G1 Vcc Minimum Power supply GND ALGORITHM 1. At switch on: At switch on, an integrated Under Voltage Lock Out function (UVLO) resets the driver as long as the supply voltage stays below a safety level. 2. Preheat: AC MAINS ON The ignition sequence begins with the preheat UVLO RESET phase. Two different duration's can be selected with PIN 2 (see table EFS STARLIGHT-KIT PARTS Preheat * 1.5s or 2.5s SELECTION page 2). During this phase, the driver maintains the ASDTM in a full ON-state making the starter equivalent to a Strike bi-directional conducting switch. 3. Ignition of the fluorescent tube: Attempt = Attempt + 1 At the end of the preheat period, the starter strikes Preheat * 0.75s or 1.25s the fluorescent lamp. Loop 2 Tube YES For that, the driver reads continuously the current YES Loop 3 Ignited? through the starter. When the current reaches the NO Attempt <8 Autosupply Switch Off level (ISO = 350mA), the driver turns off Fail = Fail + 1 the ASDTM. This induces a high voltage pulse across NO Loop 1 the lamp. This pulse amplitude is limited by the Fail = 0 Fail = 8 ASDTM (1350V). NO Attempt = 0 4. If the lamp fails to strike: YES Autosupply Fail = 0 The driver detects the state of the tube (lit or off). If it stays off during 8 mains cycles (loop 1), a new preheat period, shorter than the first one, starts * see the preheat duration table 6 again (loop 3), followed by a new ignition attempt. The driver will try to fire the tube 8 times. If none of the 8 attempts succeeds in striking the lamp, the driver turns in standby mode, and the whole starter is fully stopped until the next mains removal and power supply reset. 5. If the lamp is ignited: If the lamp is ignited, the driver stays in standby mode while monitoring the state of the lamp (loop 2). During normal operation of the tube, this short pulse is masked by the lamp conduction. If the mains interruption is really long enough to turn off completely the lamp, a new ignition sequence starts again (loop 3) with 8 other new possible attempts. 9/14 EFS 6/ PREHEAT PHASE DURATION 50-60Hz: The driver determines the preheat duration by counting mains cycles. This numeric solution brings naturally a good precision depending only on the mains frequency tolerance. With the 2 driver versions, the EFS startlight-kit provides a choice of 4 preheat duration's. The following table gives the preheat duration before the first ignition attempt. The seven next preheat duration's, in case of unsuccessful ignition attempt, last the half of the first one PREHEAT DURATION MAINS FREQUENCY DRIVER VERSION Pin 2 connection 1.5s EFS2A GND VCC 2.56s 50Hz EFS2B GND 0.74s VCC 1.24s GND 0.62s 60Hz EFS2B VCC 1.03s 7/ TUBE STATE DETECTION: During the ignition sequence or once the lamp is lit, the starter checks the state of the lamp (lit or off). To determine this state, the driver reads the lamp voltage through the resistor bridge (R1+R2+R3, R4). - If the lamp is off, its voltage equal the mains voltage. - If the lamp is lit, its voltage is only 80 V (for a 58W lamp). Thus the lamp state is determined by comparison of the lamp voltage with a programmed detection level. CORRECT SETTING = NO WAVEFORM ACROSS THE GREY AREA OFF Lamp Voltage DL DL MAX Tolerance effects: Tolerances on resistors (R1, R2, R3 and R4) as well as on the integrated comparator bring a tolerance on the set detection level. Thus the detection level is included in a range delimited by the maximum and the minimum detection levels (DLMAX DLmin). The driver checks the state of the lamp when mains voltage is maximum, that is to say 5 ms after the zero crossing mains voltage (50Hz). Here again internal tolerances bring a tolerance on the real checking moment (TCmin TCMAX). min LIT Lamp Voltage TC min TC MAX How to set the detection level? Only the R4 resistor value can be set to adjust the detection level. Values of resitors R1 to R3 must match values of the table RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATION CONDITIONS of the page 5. Practically the R4 resistor value has to be set so that neither the OFF lamp voltage nor the LIT lamp voltage cross the grey area. The DLMAX and DLmin limits can be calculated as follows: DLMAX = 1265 x (R4 min + R1MAX + R 2 MAX + R 3 MAX ) . 1122 x (R4 MAX + R 1min + R 2 min + R 3 min) . and DLmin = R4 min R4 MAX 10/14 EFS 8/ E.M.I. CAPACITOR: As required in the IEC 926 standard (11.5), "starters which are interchangeable with glow starters in accordance with IEC 155 shall contain means for radio interference suppression, the effect of which is equivalent to that of the radio interference suppression capacitor prescribed in 7.12 of IEC 155". The EFS starlight-kit is compatible with this 5nF E.M.I. Capacitor which must be connected directly across the ASDTM (between pin 3 "TUBE" and pin 4 "GND"). On the other hand, this E.M.I. capacitor increases the striking pulse width of about 55% on positive temperatures. DRIVER 14 ASDTM 1 5 2 9 13 7/8/10/11 2/3/5/6 12 3 4 1 C E.M.I. 4 Rsense 8.1. Operation in single lamp configuration The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT is ideal in the following configurations: - Single Starter / 230V / 50Hz - Single Starter / 230V / 60Hz - Single Starter / 120V / 60Hz (R) T U B E AC MAINS Note 4: the different driver versions should be chosen according to the table "EFS STARLIGHT KIT PARTS SELECTION" page 2. Note 5: Components to choose are listed in the table "RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATION CONDITIONS" page 5. 8.2. Operation with capacitor for power factor correction: The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT is also suitable for magnetic ballast including front end parallel capacitor. The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT is NOT suitable for magnetic ballast including front end serial capacitor. LEADING MAGNETIC BALLAST WITH SERIAL CAPACITOR MAGNETIC BALLAST WITH SHUNT PARALLEL CAPACITOR (R) T U B E (R) T U B E AC MAINS 11/14 EFS 8.3. Operation on the 230V/50Hz AC mains in twin tubes configuration The EFS STARLIGHT-KIT is also suitable for the configurations Twin tubes Starter Note 5: Components to choose are listed in the table "RECOMMENDED COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATION CONDITIONS" page 5. The only electrical diagram difference consists of the R4 resistor which needs to be changed from 1 to 2.2k. Without this modification, the starter will generate only one ignition attempt instead of 8 in case of defective lamp; the loop 3 is removed from the algorithm described in page 9. AC MAINS 230V TWIN TUBE BALLAST STARTER OFF T U B T U B 230V / 50HZ SOCKET ALIGHT Rotate of 180 only one starter E E FLUORESCENT TUBE OFF ALIGHT In the Twin Series 230V/50Hz configuration, the polarity of the two starters must be respected: In case of no operation of starters, rotate one of the starters of 180 on its socket. 12/14 EFS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SO14 (Driver) Dim. A L C a2 b e3 D M e A S E a1 b1 G c1 Millimeters 1.75 0.1 0.35 0.19 0.5 45 (typ.) 8.55 5.8 1.27 7.62 3.8 4.6 0.5 4.0 5.3 0.68 8 (max.) o o Inches 0.069 0.004 0.008 0.063 0.018 0.010 0.020 Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 0.2 1.6 0.46 0.014 0.25 0.007 a1 a2 b b1 C c1 D E 8.75 0.336 6.2 0.228 0.050 0.300 0.150 0.181 0.334 0.244 14 8 F e e3 F G L M S 1 7 0.157 0.208 0.050 0.027 1.27 0.020 13/14 EFS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA Pentawatt HV with lead forming - TL5 (ASDTM) DIMENSIONS REF. A C D Millimeters Min. 4.3 1.22 2.4 Typ. Max. 4.8 Min. 0.169 Inches Typ. Max. 0.188 0.056 0.110 0.152 0.018 0.030 0.208 0.308 0.409 0.409 0.130 14.64 0.560 2.74 0.092 3 0.102 0.576 0.108 0.118 0.622 0.260 0.020 1.42 0.048 2.8 0.094 DIAM 3.65 E F G1 G2 H2 H3 L1 L2 L3 L5 L6 L7 R 14.24 2.34 2.6 15.1 6 0.5 10.05 3.3 0.35 0.65 4.88 7.42 3.85 0.144 0.45 0.014 0.75 0.026 5.28 0.192 7.82 0.292 10.4 10.4 0.396 15.8 0.594 6.6 0.236 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2000 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com 14/14 |
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